The Indian Ocean Experiment: Widespread air pollution from South and Southeast Asia

Lelieveld J, Crutzen PJ, Ramanathan V, Andreae MO, Brenninkmeijer CAM, Campos T, Cass GR, Dickerson RR, Fischer H, de Gouw JA, Hansel A, Jefferson A, Kley D, de Laat ATJ, Lal S, Lawrence MG, Lobert JM, Mayol-Bracero OL, Mitra AP, Novakov T, Oltmans SJ, Prather KA, Reiner T, Rodhe H, Scheeren HA, Sikka D, Williams J


SCIENCE
291 (5506): 1031-1036 FEB 9 2001

Abstract:
The Indian Ocean Experiment (INDOEX) was an international, multiplatform field campaign to measure Long-range transport of air pollution from South and Southeast Asia toward the Indian Ocean during the dry monsoon season in January to March 1999. Surprisingly high pollution Levels were observed over the entire northern Indian Ocean toward the Intertropical Convergence Zone at about 6 degreesS. We show that agricultural burning and especially biofuel use enhance carbon monoxide concentrations. Fossil fuel combustion and biomass burning cause a high aerosol Loading. The growing pollution in this region gives rise to extensive air quality degradation with Local, regional, and global implications, including a reduction of the oxidizing power of the atmosphere.

KeyWords Plus:
CHLORINE EMISSIONS INVENTORY, MARINE BOUNDARY-LAYER, AIRCRAFT MEASUREMENTS, TROPOSPHERIC OZONE, REACTIVE CHLORINE, AEROSOL-PARTICLES, SULFUR-DIOXIDE, CHEMISTRY, ATMOSPHERE, ENERGY

Addresses:
Lelieveld J, Max Planck Inst Chem, POB 3060, D-55020 Mainz, Germany
Max Planck Inst Chem, D-55020 Mainz, Germany
Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Ctr Atmospher Sci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80303 USA
Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA
Univ Maryland, Dept Meteorol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA
Univ Utrecht, NL-3584 CC Utrecht, Netherlands
Innsbruck Univ, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
NOAA, Climate Monitoring & Diagnost Lab, Boulder, CO 80303 USA
Res Ctr Julich, D-52428 Julich, Germany
Phys Res Lab, Ahmedabad 380009, Gujarat, India
Natl Phys Lab, New Delhi 110012, India
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA
Stockholm Univ, Dept Meteorol, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden

Publisher:
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE, 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA

IDS Number:
400EW

ISSN:
0036-8075